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Acetonitrile

CAS : 75-05-8

Acetonitrile

DESCRIPTION

Acetonitrile is the chemical compound with the formula C2H3N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene

Acetonitrile

PROPERTIES

AppearanceTransparent liquid, no visible impurities
Chromaticity (in Hazen) (Pt.-Co) ≤<5
Moisture % (m/m) ≤0.0049
Hydrocyanic Acid % (mg/kg) ≤3.6
Acetone (mg/kg) ≤< 5.0
Acrylonitrile % ≤< 5.0
Heavy Component (including prop nitrile) % ≤136.0
Purity % ≥99.98
Ammonia (mg/kg) ≤3.22
Acidity (mg/kg) ≤28.0
Density (at 20°C) g/cm 30.781
Copper (mg/kg) ≤0.01
Iron (mg/kg) %≤0.04
Boiling Range (Under 0.10133MPa) ° C81.1~81.8

APPLICATION

·        Acetonitrile is primarily used as an extraction solvent for butadiene.

·        It is used as a chemical intermediate in pesticide manufacturing; and as a solvent for both inorganic and organic compounds.

·        It is also included as a starting material for the production of acetophenone, alpha- naphthalenacetic acid, thiamine, and acetamidine; to remove tars, phenols, and coloring matter from petroleum hydrocarbons not soluble in Acetonitrile.

·        In the laboratory, acetone is used as a polar aprotic solvent in a variety of organic reactions, such as SN2 reactions. The use of acetone solvent is also critical for the Jones oxidation. It is a common solvent for rinsing laboratory glassware because of its low cost and volatility; however, it does not form a zoetrope with water.

·        It is used in the production of acrylic fibers; and in pharmaceuticals, perfumes, nitrile rubber, and ABS (Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resins.

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